The Magic and Science of Jewels and Stones

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  ...In ancient times the minerals comprising or included in this important group were commonly
  known by the name Lapis Nephriticus or Kidney Stone, and from this name in the 18th century
  Dr. A. G. Werner suggested the term Nephrite. To the Nephrite varieties the general term Jade is
  universally applied. The name occurs in old writings as jad and jadde, and is derived from the
  Spanish Hijada, kidney. Sir Walter Raleigh in 1595 wrote of this kinde of stones which the
  Spaniards call Piedras Hijadas and we use for spleene stones. Chemically the species included
  under the name jade are not the same, the nephrite jade being a silicate of lime and magnesia
  and the jadeite a silicate of sodium and alumina, but the modern scientist in common with the
  ancient scientist binds them together under the one denomination—kidney stone. In the 19th
  century Professor A. Damour demonstrated the chemical difference between jade and jadeite. The
  well-known Camphor Jade of China is a white jadeite, some specimens containing certain
  percentages of Chromium exhibiting those apple-green patches so highly praised by gem
  collectors. Burmese Jade, known as Chauk-Sen, (which since the 13th century has been
  principally exported to China) is chiefly jadeite, and the Imperial Jade of charming pale or apple-
  green colour, known as Feitsui and set down by some writers as chrysoprase, is more properly
  Prehnite. The nephrite charms—Piedras Hijadas—known in Mexico as Chalchihuith when the
  Spanish invaded that country were probably jadeites. The Chinese have held the jade family in
  the highest esteem and reverence for many centuries, and it poetically expresses to them all the