India and Iran Relations in Twenty First Century
     Challenges and Future Prospects

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  The two countries India and Iran are among the oldest civilisations of the world and their relations are
  not new. The relations between the two are of centuries old and it is also said that the two nations belong
  to a same family that lived for many centuries in the pasture land of Central Asia (Oxus Valley). The
  centuries old mutual interaction enriched each other customs, tradition, art, and architecture. During
  medieval period their interaction increased to such a level that it left a permanent stamp on each other's
  culture, tradition, art and architecture. During the period, India became the second home of Iranian
  culture, art, architecture, festivals and art of gardening. Even Persian language was made a tool of
  communication not only in the official matters but also as a means for interchange of thoughts, culture
  and literature between the two countries. There is a long list of important books related to different
  aspects of life like astronomy, art, health and hygiene, history, mathematics, unani-medicine, music, and
  religion which were translated. However with the emergence of British rule over India, both the countries
  lost their linkages and contacts between them. No doubt after the end of British rule in India both the
  countries tried to develop their relations but the incidents like creation of Pakistan, emergence of cold
  war, and Iran's recognition as well as support to Pakistan during India-Pakistan as well as emergence of
  Iranian revolution, and Iran-Iraq war restricted their mutual cooperation. With the turn of twenty first
  century, both the countries experienced stability in their both domestic and global affairs which led them
  to economic development. In contemporary times India and Iran occupies great strategic significance in
  their respective regional power structure. India is not only one the fastest growing economy of the world
  and of the south Asian region but also provides a big market. While Iran on the other hand, occupies great
  strategic importance not only because of its geographic location but also due to its energy resources.